Renal Fasciae Anatomy

Renal Fasciae Anatomy

pediagenosis    September 25, 2026    Comment   

Renal Fasciae Anatomy

Lung, Liver, Bare area of liver, Peritoneum, Right kidney, Right colic (hepatic) flexure, Fibrous capsule of kidney, Anterior and posterior layers of renal (Gerota’s) fascia, Sagittal section through right kidney and lumbar region demonstrates vertical disposition of renal fascia Iliac crest, Quadratus lumborum muscle, Transversalis fascia 12th rib, Respiratory diaphragm,

Obturator Nerve Anatomy

Obturator Nerve Anatomy

pediagenosis    September 25, 2026    Comment   

Obturator Nerve Anatomy

Iliohypogastric nerve, Ilioinguinal nerve, Genitofemoral nerve, Lateral femoral cutaneous nerve, Femoral nerve, Obturator nerve (L2, 3, 4), Posterior branch, Articular branch, Anterior branch, Posterior branch, Cutaneous branch, Articular branch, 

Arteries of Knee and Foot Anatomy

Arteries of Knee and Foot Anatomy

pediagenosis    September 24, 2026    Comment   

Arteries of Knee and Foot Anatomy

Femoral artery, Descending genicular artery, Articular branch, Saphenous branch, Superior medial genicular artery, Popliteal artery (phantom), Middle genicular artery (phantom), Inferior medial genicular artery (partially in phantom), Anterior tibial recurrent artery, Posterior tibial artery (phantom), Fibular artery (phantom), Deep plantar artery, 

Otic Ganglion: Schema Anatomy

Otic Ganglion: Schema Anatomy

pediagenosis    September 24, 2026    Comment   

Otic Ganglion: Schema Anatomy

Mandibular nerve (CN V3) Trigeminal ganglion, Lesser petrosal nerve, Chorda tympani, Trigeminal nerve (CN V), Facial nerve (CN VII), Glossopharyngeal nerve (CN IX), Inferior salivatory nucleus, Pons, Otic ganglion, Ophthalmic nerve (CN V1), Maxillary nerve (CN V2), Auriculotemporal nerve, 

Ureters in Abdomen and Pelvis Anatomy

Ureters in Abdomen and Pelvis Anatomy

pediagenosis    September 24, 2026    Comment   

Ureters in Abdomen and Pelvis Anatomy

Right kidney, Duodenum, Superior mesenteric artery, Right colic artery, Right ureter, Ileocolic artery, Testicular vessels, Common iliac artery, Internal iliac artery, External iliac artery, Middle rectal artery, Left kidney, Left ureter, Inferior mesenteric artery, Left colic artery, Sigmoid arteries, Superior rectal artery (cut), Genitofemoral nerve, Inferior vesical artery,

Nerves of Upper Limb Anatomy

Nerves of Upper Limb Anatomy

pediagenosis    September 23, 2026   

Nerves of Upper Limb Anatomy

Musculocutaneous nerve (dominant nerve to anterior compartment muscles of arm), Median nerve (dominant nerve to anterior compartment muscles of forearm and thenar eminence muscles), Ulnar nerve (dominant nerve to muscles of hand and to flexor carpi ulnaris muscle and medial half of flexor digitorum profundus muscle in forearm), 

Pelvic Diaphragm: Male Anatomy

Pelvic Diaphragm: Male Anatomy

pediagenosis    September 22, 2026    Comment   

Pelvic Diaphragm: Male Anatomy

Pubic symphysis (viscera removed), Pubic crest, Pubic tubercle, Pecten pubis, Superior ramus of pubis, Obturator canal, Obturator fascia, Iliopubic eminence, Acetabular margin, Anterior inferior iliac spine, Ala of ilium, Arcuate line, Transverse perineal ligament (anterior thickening of Perineal membrane), Ischial spine, Sacroiliac joint, Sacrum, Sacral canal Anorectal hiatus, Anterior sacrococcygeal ligament, Anterior sacral (pelvic) foramina, Piriformis muscle, Inferior (arcuate) pubic ligament, Hiatus for deep dorsal vein of penis, Hiatus for urethra, Muscle fibers from levator ani to conjoined longitudinal muscle of anal canal, Puboanalis (puborectalis), Pubococcygeus, Iliococcygeus, Levator ani muscle, Tendinous arch of, levator ani muscle, Obturator internus muscle, Coccygeus muscle

Mediastinoscopy and Mediastinotomy: Mediastinal Lymph Node Staging in Lung Cancer

Mediastinoscopy and Mediastinotomy: Mediastinal Lymph Node Staging in Lung Cancer

pediagenosis    September 21, 2026   

MEDIASTINOTOMY AND MEDIASTINOSCOPY

Complete surgical resection is the key curative therapy for early-stage bronchogenic carcinoma. To be effective, resection must be performed under appropriate circumstances; not only must the patient be able to tolerate the required operation but the cancer must also be sufficiently well localized for complete surgical removal. Radical resection in the face of metastases to mediastinal nodes is rarely curative. For this reason, mediastinal nodal staging is essential. Cervical mediastinoscopy and left anterior mediastinotomy remain the gold standard for sampling mediastinal lymph nodes. These procedures may also aid in the diagnosis of lymphoma, sarcoidosis, and other diseases affecting the mediastinum.

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V): Schema Anatomy

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V): Schema Anatomy

pediagenosis    September 20, 2026    Comment   

Trigeminal Nerve (CN V): Schema Anatomy

Ophthalmic nerve (CN V1), Tentorial branch, Nasociliary nerve, Lacrimal nerve, Frontal nerve, Branch to ciliary ganglion, Ciliary ganglion, Posterior ethmoidal nerve, Long ciliary nerve, Short ciliary nerves, Anterior ethmoidal nerve, Supraorbital nerve, Supratrochlear nerve, Infratrochlear nerve, Internal nasal branches and, External nasal branches of anterior ethmoidal nerve, Maxillary nerve (CN V2), Meningeal branch, Zygomaticotemporal branch, Zygomaticofacial branch, Zygomatic nerve

Cell Nucleus: Structure, Function, Chromatin, Nucleolus and Nuclear Envelope

Cell Nucleus: Structure, Function, Chromatin, Nucleolus and Nuclear Envelope

pediagenosis    September 19, 2026   

FIGURE 4.1 • Composite cell designed to show in one cell all of the various components of the nucleus and cytoplasm. (From McConnell T. H., Hull K. L. (2011). Human form human function: Essentials of anatomy & physiology (p. 70). Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott Williams & Wilkins.)

The Nucleus

The nucleus of the cell appears as a rounded or elongated structure situated near the center of the cell (see Fig. 4.1). All eukaryotic cells have at least one nucleus (prokaryotic cells, such as bacteria, lack a nucleus and nuclear membrane). Some cells contain more than one nucleus; osteoclasts (a type of bone cell) typically contain 12 nuclei or more. The platelet-producing cell, the megakaryocyte, has only one nucleus but usually contains 16 times the normal chromatin amount.