Carotid Arteries Anatomy - pediagenosis
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Wednesday, June 16, 2021

Carotid Arteries Anatomy

Carotid Arteries Anatomy

Carotid Arteries Anatomy


1. Superficial temporal artery

2. Occipital artery

3. Internal carotid artery

4. External carotid artery

5. Common carotid artery

6. Superior thyroid artery and Superior laryngeal branch

7. Ascending pharyngeal artery

8. Lingual artery

9. Facial artery

10. Posterior auricular artery

11. Maxillary artery

Comment: The common carotid artery ascends in the neck in the carotid sheath. At about the level of the superior border of the thyroid cartilage it divides into the internal carotid artery, which passes into the cranium, and the external carotid artery, which supplies more superficial structures lying outside the skull. The external carotid artery gives rise to 8 branches.

These 8 branches supply much of the blood to the head outside of the cranium, although several branches also ultimately enter the cranial regions (meningeal and auricular branches of the maxillary artery, 1 of the terminal branches of the external carotid).

Clinical: The branches of the external carotid arteries anastomose across the midline neck (superior thyroid arteries) and the face to provide collateral circulation should an artery be compromised by occlusion or lacerated in trauma.

The small branches of the superficial temporal artery supply the scalp, which bleeds profusely when cut because the small arteries are held open (rather than retracted into the subcutaneous tissue) by the tough connective tissue lying just beneath the skin (epidermis and dermis).


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